High Arches – Cavus Foot

  What is a high-arched foot?

A cavus or high-arched foot has an unusually pronounced arch.

Some people naturally have high arches. In other cases, the shape develops because of an underlying neurological or muscular condition.

What symptoms and signs might I experience?

• Pain under the heel or ball of the foot.
• Increased pressure underneath the forefoot.
• Calluses.
• Recurrent ankle sprains.
• Ankle instability.
• Curled or clawed toes.
• Pain along the outside of the foot.
• Difficulty finding comfortable footwear.
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How is it diagnosed?

Assessment includes examination of the foot while standing and walking.

X-rays help assess the alignment and flexibility of the foot. Where appropriate, further investigations may be performed to look for an underlying neurological cause. Including CT and MRI scans and nerve conduction studies if needed. If there is a strong family history genetic screening can be performed.

How is it treated without surgery?

Treatment for this condition is a la carte and may include:

• Supportive footwear.
• Custom orthotics.
• Pressure-relieving insoles.
• Physiotherapy.
• Strength and balance exercises.
• Ankle bracing.
• Treatment of associated tendon and ligament problems.

When might surgery be considered?

Surgery may be considered when pain or instability persists despite appropriate treatment.

What might surgery involve?

Depending on the cause and severity, procedures may include:

• Tendon transfers.
• Tendon balancing.
• Osteotomies to realign the foot.
• Correction of clawed toes.
• Ligament reconstruction.
• Fusion for severe or rigid deformity.

What is recovery like?

Recovery depends on the procedures required. Bone and tendon surgery generally requires a period of non weight bearing followed by progressive rehabilitation.